Abstract

The phenomenon of IoT systems in various industries is still nascent and branching in the direction of cybersecurity, information privacy, and traffic control systems. Integration of IoT devices in multiple communicative and interactive processes, as opposed to static computing systems, is a reason why new strategies in system monitoring and activity evaluation are required. This is referred to as ‘Passive Measurement’. This paper addresses the literature related to Passive Measurement in IoT, in particular, traffic pattern analysis, device fingerprinting, behavioral profile of a system, and anomaly detection. In this regard, the focus of the current research is the use of different measurement instruments and datasets created in earlier research. The active exchange periods, bandwidth, and command sets' use within MQTT, CoAP, and HTTP, among other variables, have formed the primary interests of the datasets. This analysis primarily attempts to clarify the parameters of data collection, within a constructed privacy scenario, the limitations of data collection, and data collection therein. As a first instance, we propose a category system for passive monitoring based on our assessment of the adaptability of such systems to different residential, business, and public Wi-Fi networks. The results highlight the influence of policies, networks' passive resilience, and overall security posture on the IoT devices and, thus, on the passive measurement of devices. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the passive IoT ecosystem monitoring frameworks, forming increased opportunities for improved system monitoring.