Abstract

Food safety has lately attracted an upsurge of academic and industrial concerns. Blockchain technology with several platforms available combined with the internet-of-things system has grown significantly in improving traceability in the supply chain area, providing openness, transparency, neutrality, reliability, and security to all members. The food traceability system is addressed through Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) testing that meets the standard criteria for physical, microbiological, chemical, and visual observations. These approaches are argued capable of covering the drawbacks of a centralized system that is vulnerable to collapse since a single point of failure (SPoF) can lead the whole design to collapse. However, adopting blockchain technology instantly without considering specific parameters can negatively affect the system. Therefore, in this paper, we elaborate on the critical points to be considered in adopting blockchain into a food safety environment which refers to the HACCP-based cooperative model. This paper also notes and explores an empirical investigation of the decentralized HACCP model with several techniques, including the pros and cons. Finally, we recapitulate the essential details to consider in developing blockchain technology in food safety systems.