Abstract

One of the key problems in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is how to identify the location of each node. The research community has done considerable work on this localization problem and developed various techniques ranging from hardware-based ones requiring extra units (e.g., GPS, directional antennas) to software-based ones requiring only the connectivity information. In this pa- per, we present an overview of the key localization techniques and then focus on the range-free or connectivity based approaches. After the overview, we implement and compare the performance of connectivity-based techniques using simulations. We show these techniques vary considerably in their ability to localize a wireless sensor network.